Maltese vs Shih Tzu

Shih Tzu or Maltese? Two ancient lap dog breeds, both gorgeous, both bred for centuries as companions to royalty. They’re similar enough to create genuine confusion, but the differences in temperament, grooming, and health are meaningful for daily life.

Shih Tzus are the larger of the two at 4–7.5 kg and 20–28 cm, with a sturdier, more compact build. Maltese are smaller at 3–4 kg and 20–25 cm, with a finer bone structure. This size difference matters for households with children — the Shih Tzu is more robust and tolerant of being handled, while the Maltese is more fragile. Both have long, flowing coats that require daily brushing in full length or regular professional grooming in a shorter clip. Shih Tzus shed minimally; Maltese shed even less, making them slightly better for allergy-sensitive households.

Personality-wise, Shih Tzus are more outgoing, sturdy in temperament, and less prone to anxiety. They approach strangers with confidence and get along with other dogs reliably. Maltese are more intense in their bond to one person and can be suspicious or snappy with unfamiliar people. A Shih Tzu is the social butterfly at the dog park; a Maltese is the loyal companion who prefers your company over anyone else’s. Both breeds can be stubborn about training, but Shih Tzus have a more easygoing stubbornness while Maltese have a more princess-like selectivity.

Exercise needs are minimal for both: 30–40 minutes for the Shih Tzu, 25–35 minutes for the Maltese. Both are ideal apartment dogs. Health concerns diverge: Shih Tzus face brachycephalic airway issues, eye problems (including proptosis), and kidney dysplasia. Maltese deal with patellar luxation, liver shunts, dental disease, and collapsed trachea. Maltese generally live slightly longer: 12–15 years versus the Shih Tzu’s 10–18 years, though healthy Shih Tzus are famous for longevity.

Choose a Shih Tzu if you want a sturdier dog with a more outgoing personality that handles family life and multiple-pet households better. Choose a Maltese if you want a smaller, more portable companion with a deeper one-person bond and slightly hypoallergenic qualities. Both require grooming commitment — there’s no escaping that with either breed.